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Nitrogen Mustard Inhibition of Azo Dye Carcinogenesis^*

( Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, Cal.)

1. Albino rats were fed diets containing the carcinogenic azo dye, 3'methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, and also given subcutaneous injections of methylbis(ß-chloroethyl)amine (HN2) at weekly intervals.

2. Animals fed the diets containing the dye exhibited a 90–100 per cent incidence of liver tumors after 10–12 weeks. Animals fed the same diet but treated with HN2 showed a tumor incidence of 30–60 per cent.

3. This inhibition of azo dye carcinogenesis by HN2 was most effective if the mustard was administered in the initial stages of the dye-feeding period. Injection of HN2 during the last 4 weeks did not affect the tumor incidence.

4. From chemical studies of the liver tissue, evidence was obtained indicating that HN2 inhibits the formation of liver tumors by azo dyes by blocking mitosis and the synthesis of desoxyribonucleic acid.

^* This investigation was supported by a research grant from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.

Received 7/23/51.