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Allocycly of the X-Chromosome in Tumors and Normal Tissues^*

( City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; and Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York)

A single, deeply staining heteropyknotic chromosome, most conspicuous during prophase in neoplastic and normal diploid female cells of mouse and rat, is interpreted as one of the two X-chromosomes. Tetraploid female nuclei often contain two such elements, tetraploid male nuclei only one. Tjio and Östergren's (1958) explanation of this phenomenon as a symptom of chromosomal infection with the Bittner milk agent appears untenable. The observed allocycly of the X-chromosome has a bearing on the constitution of the "sex chromatin" in interphase nuclei which is usually composed of the heterochromatin of a single positively heteropyknotic X, rather than two paired X's.

^* The investigations performed at City of Hope Medical Center were supported in part by research grants C-2597 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, and DRG-428 from the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund. The work done at Roswell Park Memorial Institute received partial support from the American Cancer Society Institutional Grant IN-54.

Received 11/18/59.

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