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The Activity of Nitrosoguanidines against Ascites Tumors in Mice^*

( Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif.)

1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (nitrosoguanidine) was tested for activity against leukemia L1210 (ascites and solid), Sarcoma 180 (ascites and solid), Ehrlich carcinoma (ascites and solid), 6C3HED ascites lymphosarcoma, and Mecca ascites lymphosarcoma in mice. Nitrosoguanidine was active against all the ascites tumors except Mecca; it was inactive against the three solid tumors.

When used to treat leukemia L1210 it was as effective if given in one or two doses as it was when given daily throughout the course of the disease. It was inactive when given orally at a dose 5 times that effective when given intraperitoneally, and less active when given intramuscularly than when given intraperitoneally.

Sixteen analogs of nitrosoguanidine were tested for their capacity to extend the life of mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumors. Twelve of these were active, increasing life expectancy 25 per cent or more. In general, the activity of nitrosoguanidines and related compounds against Ehrlich ascites tumors paralleled that of their activity against leukemia L1210.

^* This work was carried out under the auspices of the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Public Health Service, Contract No. SA-43-ph-1909; and U.S. Public Health Service Grant No. CY4548.

Received 2/ 2/60.