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The Distribution and the Chemical Forms of the Radiation-Protective Agent AET in Leukemic Mice^*

George Kollmann, Bernard Shapiro and Emanuel E. Schwartz

( Research Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Southern Division, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)

The distribution and the chemical nature of the protective agent in the various tissues of C57BL/6J male tumor-bearing mice given a protective dose of 2-mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG), the transguanylated form of the radiation-protective agent (AET), S-(2-aminoethyl)thiuronium bromide hydrobromide were studied. The mice carried a subcutaneously transplanted leukemia. Results were obtained 20 minutes after an intraperitoneal injection of 140 mg/kg MEG-S³⁵ and at 30 minutes after oral administration of 400 mg/kg MEG-S³⁵. Under both conditions the tumor took up less protective agent than did most of the vital organs. The tumor contained the same S³⁵-labeled chemical forms that normal tissues contained—namely, protein-bound S^AET, GED, 2-guanidoethanesulfinic acid, taurocyamine, sulfate, and S-acetyl-2-mercaptoethylguanidine. The protein-bound form consisted mainly of thioester-bound and mixed disulfide-bound protective agent. The tumor had less thioester-bound protective agent than did the small intestines, liver, and kidneys. In vitro studies of protective agent uptake by tissue slices showed that tumor slices took up as much protective agent as did liver or spleen slices. Compared with normal animals, tumor-bearing animals had difficulty excreting the protective agent, apparently as the result of some renal defect.

^* This work was aided by Grant #T-150B from the American Cancer Society.

Parts of this work will constitute part of a dissertation to be presented to the Graduate Council of Temple University by George Kollmann in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Received 8/14/63.