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Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Mammary Carcinoma Induced by 3-Methylcholanthrene in Wistar Rats¹

( Fels Research Institute, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)

Forty-five nonhormonal agents were tested for antitumor activity against mammary carcinoma induced by gastric instillations of 3-methylcholanthrene (NSC-21970) in female Wistar rats. Animals given the potential antitumor agent (T) were compared to untreated (C) or ovariectomized (O) controls, by determining T/C and T/O values for inhibition of tumor volume and of development of additional tumors. Judged by both criteria, the agents produced the following responses: At Day 14, discounting groups of rats with excessive mortality due to the drug, 17 of 43 compounds were active compared with untreated controls (T/C of 0.5 or less). Two of these compounds were also active compared with ovariectomized controls. At Day 42, five of 41 agents were active compared with untreated controls: NSC-1026 (1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid), NSC-3425 (6-azauracil), NSC-9698 (mannitol mustard), NSC-19893 (5-fluorouracil), and NSC-23519 (5-diazouracil). None were more effective than ovariectomy, and only NSC-1026 and 9698 produced inhibition approximately equal to that produced by ovariectomy.

¹ Supported by contract SA-43-ph-4344 from the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.

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