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Myeloid Leukemia C1498 as a Screen for Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents¹

The history of solid myeloid leukemia C1498 is reported; also the maintenance of this tumor in C57BL/6 mice and its use as a screen for antitumor agents are described. In tests with 35 standard agents and fermentation products, C1498 appeared to respond differently from other widely used mouse tumor systems. Cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) and azaserine (NSC-742) were the most effective inhibitors of C1498 growth. Nine other compounds inhibited the tumor: triethylenemelamine (NSC-9706), methotrexate (NSC-740), 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893), 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (NSC-27640), prednisone (NSC-10023), 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (NSC-1026), N-methylformamide (NSC-3051), hydroxyurea (NSC-32065), methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) [NSC-32946]. Three antibiotics also produced inhibition: actionomycin D (NSC-3053), mitomycin C (NSC-26980), and phleomycin (NSC-61586). Among the 21 compounds inactive against C1498 were the following well-known materials: busulfan (NSC-750), 6-mercaptopurine (NSC-755), 8-azaguanine (NSC-749), 4-amino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (NSC-1393), vincaleukblastine (NSC-49842), and leurocristine (NSC-67574). Comparative screening of fermentation filtrates against C1498, Sarcoma 180, and leukemia L1210 indicated specificity on the part of C1498 since the "overlap" rate (response to the same fermentation) with S180 and L1210 was less than 8%.

¹ Supported by contract SA-43-ph-2411 from the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.

² Research Division, Bristol Laboratories, Syracuse, NY.