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The Effect of Croton Oil Pretreatment on Skin Tumor Initiation in Mice¹

McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

A single application of 0.5% croton oil to mouse skin stimulates nucleic acid and protein synthesis in the treated area. The maximum rates of synthesis were attained at 6-hours for RNA, 12 hours for protein, and 18 hours for DNA. By 48–72 hours, the rate of synthesis of RNA and protein was returning to normal, but the rate of DNA synthesis was still 2–3 times the control value. In order to test the hypothesis that cells synthesizing DNA are more susceptible to initiation of skin tumor formation, mice were given a single, preliminary application of croton oil either 18 or 48 hours before initiation with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), β-propiolactone (BPL), or urethan. Tumors were subsequently elicited by multiple applications of croton oil. Croton oil pretreatment did not affect initiation by BPL, caused a slight increase in tumor yield after initiation by DMBA, but clearly increased tumor incidence in mice initiated with urethan. The overall binding of DMBA-³H to mouse skin DNA, RNA, and protein, or to RNA fractionated on a methylated albumin kieselguhr column, was not greatly affected by the croton oil pretreatment.

¹ This work was supported in part by grants from the American Cancer Society (E-6) and the USPHS (T01-CA-5002 and CA-07175).

Received 8/29/68. Accepted 6/ 6/69.

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