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Effects of the Coadministration of Thiamine on the Incidence of Urinary Bladder Carcinomas in Rats Fed Bracken Fern¹

Department of Pathological Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Scientific Divisions, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois 60064; and Division of Clinical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Bracken fern (Pteris aquilina), mixed with a grain mixture (1:3 by weight), was fed to two groups of male and female albino rats. In Group 1, which was fed bracken fern but received no thiamine supplements, all rats surviving more than 6 months developed various combinations of multiple intestinal adenomatous polyps or adenocarcinomas. However, only 1 of 9 males (11%) and 1 of 13 females (8%) in Group 1 developed urinary bladder carcinomas. The rats of Group 2, fed bracken fern and given additionally 2 mg of thiamine hydrochloride s.c. once each week, also developed a 100% incidence of multiple intestinal tumors. Moreover, 19 of 36 males (53%) and 35 of 51 females (69%) in Group 2 had urinary bladder carcinomas. The incidence of the bladder carcinomas in either males or females in Group 2 was significantly greater (p < < 0.001) than in Group 1. The latent period of intestinal and bladder tumor development and the mean survival times of both groups were comparable. No intestinal or bladder tumors were found in a group of 22 male and female rats fed a control diet of the grain mixture.

¹ This work was supported in part by Grants CA-08254, CA-10017, and CA-10341 from the National Cancer Institute, USPHS, and by a grant from the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council.

² Career Development Awardee of the National Cancer Institute, USPHS, (1-K4-CA-8245).

Received 3/19/70. Accepted 7/ 8/70.