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Mutagenicity of Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents in the Salmonella/Microsome Test

Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, California 90027 [W. F. B., M. S. B.], and Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 [L. H., E. C., B. N. A.]

Seventeen cancer chemotherapeutic agents were tested for their ability to mutate Salmonella typhimurium tester strains in the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. There was a high correlation between the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of a given agent. Carcinogens positive in the test were Adriamycin, daunomycin, 1-propanol-3,3'-iminodimethanesulfonate, cyclophosphamide, isophosphamide, hycanthone, chlornaphazin, nitrogen mustard, uracil mustard, melphalan, and thio-tepa. Two carcinogens, actinomycin D and bleomycin, were not detected as mutagens. The presumptive noncarcinogen, methotrexate, was negative in the test. Tilorone and 6-mercaptopurine, tentatively classified as noncarcinogens, were mutagenic. The carcinogenicity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), which was positive in the test, has not been determined.

¹ Recipient of Grant CA-14226 from the National Cancer Institute, NIH, and the Council for Tobacco Research, U.S.A., Inc., and Career Development Award CA-70996 from the National Cancer Institute. To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

² Recipient of Energy Research and Development Administration Contract E (04-3)34, PA156.

Received 12/28/76. Accepted 4/15/77.

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