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Comparative Carcinogenicity in F344 Rats of the Tobacco-specific Nitrosamines, N'-Nitrosonornicotine and 4-(N-Methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone¹

Division of Environmental Carcinogenesis, Naylor Dana Institute for Disease Prevention, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595

The tobacco-specific carcinogens, N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), were tested for carcinogenicity in F344 rats. Each nitrosamine in trioctanoin was administered by s.c. injection to 12 male and 12 female rats over a period of 20 weeks. The total dose of each nitrosamine was 3.4 mmol. The experiment was terminated after 12 months. NNK induced nasal cavity tumors in 83% of the males and in 83% of the females, liver tumors in 83% of the males and in 100% of the females, and lung tumors in 67% of the males and in 67% of the females. NNN induced nasal cavity tumors in 92% of the males and in 75% of the females. Only one liver tumor and no lung tumors were observed in the NNN-treated rats. These results indicate that, in the F344 rat, NNK is a more powerful carcinogen than is NNN.

¹ This study was supported by USPHS Contract NO1-CP-55666 and Grant CA-21393 from the Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, National Cancer Institute. This is Paper 19 in the series, "A Study of Tobacco Carcinogenesis."

² Recipient of National Cancer Institute Research Career Development Award No-5KO4-CA00124. To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

³ Visiting scientist from the Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.

Received 6/ 4/79. Accepted 10/26/79.

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