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Role of Cell-mediated Immunity in Tumor Eradication by Hyperthermia¹

Radiation Therapy Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021

A single hyperthermic treatment (44.5° for 20 min) which results in successful local control of a 7-day intradermally growing fibrosarcoma in intact mice fails to permanently control tumor growth in immunodeficient nu/nu (BALB/c) or immunosuppressed (whole-body radiation, 500 rads) mice. Studies were designed to determine whether humoral or cellular-mediated factors were responsible.

Nude mice were reconstituted with either heterozygotic (nu/+) sensitized or nonsensitized splenic T-cells. Similarly, semisyngeneic immunosuppressed BALB/c x C57BL/6F₁ hybrids were reconstituted with homologous sensitized and nonsensitized T-cells or sera prior to hyperthermic treatment of a 7-day intradermal Meth-A implant. Successful local tumor control by hyperthermia was effected in those animals reconstituted with 1.8 x 10⁷ splenic T-cells but not in those with sera. The inhibition of macrophage activity (chronic silica, i.p.) could substitute for whole-body radiation immunosuppression.

These studies indicate that a thermally induced tumor cure would appear to be mediated by an activated macrophage-antigen-T-cell interaction which may be dependent on the initial expression of cell-mediated antitumor immunity that may be generated only in response to immunogenic tumors.

¹ Supported in part by Grants CA 08748 and 17410 from the National Cancer Institute.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 6/ 5/80. Accepted 12/29/80.

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