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Transformation of Cultured Rat Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells by Kirsten Murine Sarcoma Virus¹

Departments of Zoology [A. T. A.] and Anatomy [N. A.], The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1W5 Canada

A method is described for the culture of rat ovarian surface epithelial cells, i.e., the cellular component thought to be the source of most ovarian cancers. These cells in culture have a characteristic epithelial morphology which distinguishes them from other ovarian cell types. Cultured surface epithelial cells are histochemically positive for 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and negative for 5-3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, the same as in cryostat sections of whole rat ovary. Ultrastructurally, cultured surface epithelial cells have basement membranes, microvilli, and apical intercellular junctions. Kirsten murine sarcoma virus was used to produce three transformed cell lines from pure first-passage cultures of these cells. These three lines retained 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and showed slight -3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Tumors resulting when these cells were injected s.c. or i.p. into immunosuppressed female rats were highly malignant, resembling histologically human ovarian endometrioid stromal sarcoma. This is the first demonstration of the susceptibility of ovarian surface epithelium to an oncogenic virus.

¹ Supported by scholarships from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. This paper was presented in part at the 1980 meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (1).

² Recipient of a studentship from the National Cancer Institute of Canada.

³ Recipient of a grant and research associateship from the National Cancer Institute of Canada. To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 11/ 5/80. Accepted 2/17/81.

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