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Activation of N-Hydroxyphenacetin to Mutagenic and Nucleic Acid-binding Metabolites by Acyltransfer, Deacylation, and Sulfate Conjugation¹

Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit, Michigan 48201

N-Hydroxyphenacetin was activated to a mutagen in the Salmonella-Ames test by rabbit liver acyltransferase, rat liver cytosol, and rat liver microsomes. N-[ring-³H]-Hydroxyphenacetin was bound to transfer RNA when activated by acyltransferase from rabbit or rat liver or rat liver microsomes. The acyltransferase-catalyzed binding was not inhibited by paraoxon, a deacetylase inhibitor. The use of N-hydroxyphenacetin radioactively labeled in the acetyl group, as well as the ring, indicated that deacetylation was involved in the microsomecatalyzed binding reaction. In addition, the microsome-catalyzed binding was inhibited 90% by paraoxon. p-Nitrosophenetole, a deacetylated derivative of N-hydroxyphenacetin, was synthesized and bound to transfer RNA without enzymatic activation. Activation of N-hydroxyphenacetin by sulfate conjugation was also found to lead to binding to transfer RNA. The data implicated acyl transfer, deacetylation, and sulfate conjugation as possible routes for the activation of N-hydroxyphenacetin.

¹ The studies in this report from the A. Alfred Taubman Facility were supported by USPHS Grants CA25904 and CA23800 from the National Cancer Institute through the National Bladder Cancer Project and an institutional grant from the United Foundation of Detroit.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 1/15/81. Accepted 6/11/81.