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Positive Correlation between High Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase Activity and Primary Lung Cancer as Analyzed in Cryopreserved Lymphocytes¹

Division of Toxicology and Oncology, Microbiological Associates, Bethesda, Maryland 20816 [R. E. K., C. E. M., D. J. S.]; Department of Biological Sciences, North Texas State University, Denton, Texas 76203 [D. R. S.]; and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and Veterans Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030 [N. P. W., T. L. M.]

Blood samples from closely monitored patients at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Houston, Texas, were collected, coded, and sent to Microbiological Associates over an 8-month period. Lymphocytes were isolated and cryopreserved at -190°. Lymphocyte samples were simultaneously thawed, phytohemagglutinin activated, and analyzed for benz(a)anthracene-induced aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) levels, [³H]thymidine incorporation, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent cytochrome b₅ (cytochrome c) reductase activity. Determinations were made at both 96 and 120 hr in culture, and peak activities were compared among a total of 51 individuals who expressed such lesions as squamous cell carcinomas (22%), adenocarcinomas (14%), oat cell carcinomas (6%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (22%), and other nonmalignant diseases. Of the 14 highest AHH/cytochrome c activities observed, all were found in patients with primary lung cancer. Mean AHH/cytochrome c activities were 0.89 for lung cancer patients (a total of 21) and 0.47 for noncancer patients (a total of 30) (p < 0.001). No relationship was observed between AHH/cytochrome c activity and age of patient, numbers of cigarettes smoked, family history of cancer, location or histological type of tumor, or level of phytohemagglutinin blastogenesis ([³H]thymidine cpm/cytochrome c). Whether the higher AHH levels are the cause or the result of the primary lung cancer remains to be determined.

¹ Supported in part from contracts to Microbiological Associates from The Council for Tobacco Research, U. S. A., Inc., New York, N. Y. 10002; Grant PDT-149 from the American Cancer Society; and a grant from the Veterans Administration Hospital, Houston, Texas.

² Present address: Southwest Foundation for Research and Education, P. O. Box 28174, San Antonio, Texas 78284.

Received 7/27/81. Accepted 9/ 9/82.

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