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Chemotherapy of Childhood Rhabdomyosarcomas Growing as Xenografts in Immune-deprived Mice¹

Divisions of Biochemical and Clinical Pharmacology [J. A. H. P. J. H.] and Hematology and Oncology [A. A. G.], St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101

Xenografts derived from the neoplastic tissues of children with rhabdomyosarcoma have been used in immune-deprived mice to examine the efficacy of agents known to be active against this disease, and in others that received either limited of no clinical evaluation. Two models were derived; xenografts were established from tumors obtained from either (a) untreated patients or (b) from patients who had become refractory to conventional therapy. Model a identified as being effective each of these clinically used agents: vincristine, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin; mitomycin C and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxamide also showed activity, as did busulfan in one tumor line. Tumors derived from refractory patients were significantly less responsive to all agents examined.

¹ This work was supported by Willie Mae Darwin Memorial Grant CH-156 from the American Cancer Society and by American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 7/29/81. Accepted 10/13/81.