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Presence of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Receptors in Established Human Cancer Cell Lines in Culture¹

Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Repatriation General Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia [R. J. F., L. J. S., J. A. E., D. M. F., J. M. M., T. J. M.], and Department of Surgery, Denver General Hospital, Denver, Colorado [G. E. M.]

Receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25-(OH)₂D₃] have been described in several human breast cancer cell lines and more recently in human melanoma. The presence of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ receptor (1,25-DR) in two cultured breast cancer cell lines was associated with receptors for calcitonin, another hormone thought to have effects on calcium handling. Therefore, it seemed important to examine a range of established human cancer cell lines for the presence of receptors for 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ and calcitonin.

Thirty-three cancer cell lines were examined. 1,25-DR was found to be present in 23 lines, while calcitonin receptors were not detected in any of them. The 1,25-DR from several cell lines sedimented at about 3.5S in sucrose density gradients, had the appropriate specificity for vitamin D metabolites, had K_dS of 0.8 to 2.2 x 10^-11 M, and had receptor concentrations of 12 to 99 fmol/mg protein. Ten malignant melanoma and nine colonic carcinoma lines constituted the largest groups of carcinoma cell lines, and seven and eight, respectively, of these were 1,25-DR positive. The high frequency of 1,25-DR positivity in the cultured colonic carcinoma cells is quite different from the low frequency of 1,25-DR in primary colonic carcinomas. It was also interesting that both of two cell lines derived from patients who had had both bone metastases and malignant hypercalcemia were 1,25-DR positive.

These various cell lines may provide useful models for the examination of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ action in vitro.

¹ These studies were supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Victorian Anti Cancer Council, and the Department of Veterans' Affairs.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 8/31/81. Accepted 11/30/81.

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