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Myeloid and Megakaryocytic Properties of K-562 Cell Lines¹

Unité de Recherches sur les Anémies, Inserm U.91, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010, Creteil, France [A. T., P. G. P., G. V., W. V., U. T., H. R., J. B-G.]; Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [P. M.]; Division of Pediatric Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 [C. I. C.]; and Group d'Immuno-Biologie des Tumeurs, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif Cedex, France [M. L.]

The expression of myeloid and megakaryocytic markers of differentiation has been studied in one K-562 cell subline, in its clones, and in the original cell line. Cytotoxicity, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence studies with a panel of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, and radioimmunoassays were performed on K-562 cells before and after induction with hemin, sodium butyrate, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Myeloid membrane markers were present in all K-562 cell lines. Only the early granulopoietic cell surface markers were expressed in 75 to 95% of the cells, while none of the late membrane markers was detected. In contrast, neither the early (myeloperoxidase) nor late (lactoferrin) cytoplasmic markers were present. Thus, K-562 cells showed a membrane phenotype similar to that of a normal or leukemic promyelocyte but lacking myeloperoxidase. Membrane megakaryocytic markers, such as platelet glycoprotein Illa and platelet peroxidase, were also detected in K-562 cells. However, some other early megakaryocytic markers, such as platelet glycoprotein lb, Factor VIII-R-Ag, and platelet Factor 4, could not be detected by fluorescent labeling. Cloning of the cell line did not result in the selection of a unipotential cell line. These results could be explained by the expression of multilineage markers in a single cell. In all of the cell lines and clones, hemin slightly increased the expression of the myeloid membrane markers without any modification of the megakaryocytic markers. Sodium butyrate and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate diminished most of the myeloid markers and very significantly increased the expression of the megakaryocytic markers.

¹ This work was supported by INSERM, CRL 82-2-018 and CRL 82-2-031, and Groupement des Entreprises Françaises dans la Lutte contre le Cancer.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Unité INSERM U.91, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010, Creteil, France.

Received 12/20/82. Accepted 7/ 3/83.

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