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Laboratories of Tumor Cell Biology [R. C. G.] and Pathology [E. J., J. C.] and NCI-Navy Medical Oncology [P. A. B.], Environmental Epidemiology [D. W. B., W. B.], Metabolism [S. B.], and Medicine [R. I. F.] Branches, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20205; Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Inc., Kensington, Maryland 20895 [V. S. K., M. G. S., A. S., M. R-G.]; Skin and Cancer Hospital, Temple University Health Sciences Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140 [E. C. V.]; Chest Disease Research Institute [M. M.] and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine [Y. I.], Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan [Y. N.]; Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan [K. Y.]; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 [N. G.]; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101 [S. M.]; M.R.C. Leukaemia Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School [D. C.], and Membrane Immunology Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories [M. F. G.], London, England; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland [W. F. H. J.]; Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Institut für Virologie im Zentrum für Hygiene, Freiburg, Germany [H. z. H.]; Bátiment INSERM, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France [M. S., J. C. B.]; Duke University Medical Center, Durham 27710 [B. F. H.], and VA Medical Center, Durham 27705 [B. V. J.], North Carolina; and Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024 [D. W. G.]
To determine whether the human T-cell lymphoma-leukemia virus (HTLV) is associated with particular cancers, patient sera were surveyed for HTLV-specific antibodies. An association was seen with aggressive cancers of mature T-cells, specifically Japanese adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and T-cell lymphosarcoma cell leukemia (TLCL), a similar cancer of Caribbean blacks. Ninety to 100% of these patients possessed HTLV-specific antibody. Forty-seven and 20% of relatives of ATL and TLCL patients, respectively, and 12 and 4% of healthy donors from ATL and TLCL endemic areas were also antibody positive. Visceral organ involvement, hypercalcemia, and skin manifestation, features of ATL and TLCL, were often seen in other antibody-positive patients. Childhood cancers, most cutaneous T-cell and all non-T-cell leukemias and lymphomas, myeloid leukemias, Hodgkin's disease, and solid tumors were not associated with HTLV. Healthy United States donors and European patients with nonmalignant diseases were antibody negative. HTLV is thus associated with a subtype of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, clustered in viral endemic areas, with apparent racial and geographic predilection.
1 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.
Received 2/23/83. Accepted 4/22/83.
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