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Reduction of Tumor Burden in a Murine Osteosarcoma following Hyperthermia Combined with Cyclophosphamide¹

Department of Microbiology [R. N. H., V. K. G.], Division of Oncology [M. B. L.], and Comprehensive Cancer Center [R. N. H., V. K. G., M. B. L.], University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294

A radiation- and chemotherapy-resistant murine osteosarcoma was used to investigate the effect of local hyperthermia (42.5 ± 0.1°, 30 min) alone and in combination with cyclophosphamide. The cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide on murine osteosarcoma was established previously in our laboratory. Local hyperthermia (42.5 ± 0.1°, 30 min) had little or no effect on the 16-day-old (206 x 10⁶ osteosarcoma tumor cells/mouse) tumor as shown by the changes in the tumor cell marker, alkaline phosphatase. A 2.5 ± 3.5% reduction in the number of tumor cells was seen. Large tumors treated at 21 days postimplantation (357 x 10⁶ tumor cells) showed a reduction of 24 ± 14%. The effect of combination treatment with cyclophosphamide and hyperthermia produced greater reduction in the numbers of tumor cells than did either treatment used alone.

¹ This work was supported by USPHS Grants CA16699 and CA13148 from the National Cancer Institute, NIH.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 8/29/83. Accepted 12/27/83.