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Use of Adoptive Transfer and Winn Assay Procedures in the Further Analysis of Antiviral Acquired Immunity in Mice Protected against Friend Leukemia Virus-induced Disease by Passive Serum Therapy¹

Departments of Surgery [E. V. G., C. L. P., J. J. C.] and Microbiology and Immunology [J. J. C.], Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Previous studies have demonstrated that spleen cells from DBA/2 mice protected against challenge with a leukemogenic dose of Friend leukemia virus (FLV) by passive administration of xenogeneic antiviral or anti-FLV M_r 71,000 viral envelope glycoprotein antisera can adoptively transfer antiviral resistance to unimmunized irradiated syngeneic recipients. In addition, elimination of T-cells by treatment with anti-Thy 1.2 antibodies plus complement had no effect on the ability of spleen cells from serum-protected mice to adoptively transfer antiviral resistance. We now show that similar depletion of B-cells with rabbit antimouse immunoglobulin G plus complement or macrophages by adherence to Sephadex G-10 columns also leaves intact the protective capacity of spleen cells from serum-protected mice. That these results reflect the ability of more than one spleen cell population to transfer antiviral resistance rather than the activity of a non-T, non-B, nonmacrophage cell compartment is supported by the finding that purified splenic T- or B-cells alone from serum-protected DBA/2 mice can adoptively transfer antiviral resistance. Given the previously reported effects of sublethal irradiation on FLV leukemogenesis which could potentially complicate the interpretation of adoptive transfer experiments carried out in this system, analogous studies were performed using a Winn-type assay in which putative effector cells were preincubated with virus before inoculation of the mixture in unirradiated mice. These Winn assay experiments yielded identical results in that serum-protected spleen cells again prevented viral leukemogenesis, and the separate elimination of T-cells, B-cells, or macrophages had no effect on their protective activity. In addition, mixed transfer of serum-protected and normal spleen cells also protected irradiated mice against FLV challenge, providing further evidence that this adoptive protection truly reflects the presence of virus-specific effector cells in the spleens of serum-protected mice and not an inability of these spleen cells to replace radiation-sensitive viral target cells in recipient animals, since these should be supplied by the normal spleen cells in the transferred mixture.

¹ This work was supported by Grants IM-120D from the American Cancer Society and PO1-CA-25863 from NIH. This is Paper 10 in a series on immunotherapy of murine leukemia. See Refs. 3 to 6, 12 to 14, and 26 for previous papers in this series.

² Supported by NIH Viral Oncology Postdoctoral Training Grant 5T32-CA-09111.

³ Present address: United States Department of Agriculture-ARS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, P. O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944.

⁴ Scholar of the Leukemia Society of America. To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at the Department of Surgery, Box 2926, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.

Received 10/12/83. Accepted 1/ 6/84.