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Changes in Nuclear Proteins on Transformation of Rat Epithelial Thyroid Cells by a Murine Sarcoma Retrovirus

Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Chimica delle Macromolecole, Universita di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy [V. G.]; Centro di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, II Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia dell'Universita di Napoli, via S. Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy [M. T. B., P. P. D., A. F., G. V.]; and Biophysics Laboratories, Portsmouth Polytechnic, St. Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, P01 2DT, Hants, United Kingdom [C. C-R.]

Two-dimensional electrophoresis has been used to document changes in nuclear proteins following viral transformation of an epithelial cell line exhibiting differentiation markers. After transformation, these markers are lost, and the cells become tumorigenic and capable of growth in soft agar. A sharp rise in the phosphorylation of histones H1, H2A, and ubiquitinated H2A is seen on transformation, together with the appearance of three phosphorylated proteins that are extractable by perchloric acid and appear related to high mobility group Protein 14, a constituent of active chromatin. Since comparison is made between normal and transformed cells that are each grown to confluence and since there is little difference between their observed growth rates, the changes seen represent intrinsic differences between the cell lines and are thus a direct reflection of the process of transformation.

¹ Recipient of support from the Ministero della Istruzione, the CNR of Italy, and the University of Trieste. To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

² Recipient of support from the Progetto Finalizzato Virus of the CNR of Italy.

Received 3/25/85. Revised 7/15/85. Accepted 8/ 1/85.