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Selenium-induced Cytotoxicity of Human Leukemia Cells: Interaction with Reduced Glutathione

Clinical Pharmacology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

Selenium exists in a number of forms with differing valence states, some of which have shown antitumor activity. We studied the tumoricidal activity of four currently available selenium forms against a human leukemia cell line and exploited the differences among them to investigate the mechanism of antitumor action. Only selenocystine and sodium selenite showed antitumor activity, and these were also the only compounds which demonstrated significant redox chemistry, including depletion of cellular glutathione, stimulation of glutathione reductase, and stimulation of oxygen consumption. The interaction of these two compounds with glutathione suggests an intriguing potential role for them in cancer therapy.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Room 960, U.S.C., 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada.

Received 1/ 8/86. Revised 7/ 8/86. Accepted 8/ 6/86.

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