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Effects of Differing Purified Cellulose, Pectin, and Hemicellulose Fiber Diets on Fecal Enzymes in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced Rat Colon Carcinogenesis¹

Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), University of British Columbia, and the Health Sciences Centre Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1W5

The fecal microflora enzymes, ß-glucuronidase and ß-glucosidase, as well as fecal bacterial counts, were examined during colon carcinogenesis in rats administered parenteral 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and fed nutritionally equivalent diets free of fiber or containing one of three single sources of dietary fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin). Whereas pectinfed animals had increased fecal ß-glucuronidase activities, those fed cellulose and hemicellulose, two fibers protective in dimethylhydrazine colon neoplasia, had decreased activities. Although fecal bacterial counts were not significantly changed, similar differential changes in fecal ß-glucosidase activity were noted: cellulose but not pectin or hemicellulose feeding was associated with reduced activity. Although cellulose fiber may cause differing physiological effects resulting in a reduction in colonic neoplasia development in this experimental animal model, decreased bacterial metabolic enzyme activation of carcinogens or cocarcinogens may lead to diminished exposure of colonic cells to exogenous or endogenous mutagens.

¹ This work was supported by a research grant (MA 9428) to Dr. Freeman from the Medical Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at University of British Columbia Health Sciences Centre Hospital, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1W5.

Received 4/15/86. Revised 7/28/86. Accepted 7/31/86.

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