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Effects of Dietary Retinyl Palmitate or 13-cis-Retinoic Acid on the Promotion of Tumors in Mouse Skin¹

Department of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Center [H. L. G., G. T. B.] and Department of Family and Community Medicine [R. R. W., S. M.], University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona 85724

The present study was designed to determine the effects of dietary 13-cis-retinoic acid and retinyl palmitate on mouse skin tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Female CD-1 mice were initiated with 150 nmol of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and promoted twice weekly with 8 nmol of TPA. Diets supplemented with retinyl palmitate to yield 60,000 or 200,000 IU or 700,000 for 5 wk followed by 350,000 IU per kg of diet (700,000/350,000) fed to mice during tumor promotion resulted in 9%, 37%, and 65% inhibition of the papilloma yield, respectively, at 21 wk of promotion. Although topical applications of 13-cis-retinoic acid have been almost as effective as retinoic acid in preventing the appearance of mouse skin tumors, dietary 13-cis-retinoic acid at 200,000 or 700,000 IU per kg of diet resulted in no reduction in papilloma yield but did result in a dose-dependent decrease in the tumor burden (weight of tumors per mouse). Therefore, dietary retinyl palmitate yielded a dose-dependent inhibition of the number and weight of tumors promoted by TPA, whereas dietary 13-cis-retinoic acid resulted in a decrease in weight but not in number of tumors promoted by TPA.

¹ Supported by NIH Grant CA-27502, Phi Beta Psi Sorority, and Wallace Genetics, Inc.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

³ Present address: Department of Nutrition, Tokushima University, Tokuskima, Japan 770.

Received 5/12/86. Revised 11/ 3/86. Accepted 11/ 7/86.