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Growth Factor Production by Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines

Department of Cell Biology [M. A. A., D. R., W. P., R. G.], Smith Kline & French Laboratories, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, and Department of Pathology [D. B-P.], University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

Conditioned media collected under serum-free conditions over 24 to 48 h from 18 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines were analyzed for transforming growth factor, types and ß (TGF- and -ß), and platelet-derived growth factor in assays for anchorage-independent growth and radioreceptor competition. Detectable levels of TGF-, TGF-ß, and platelet-derived growth factor were produced by 17, 16, and 6 cell lines, respectively. Three liters of conditioned medium from highly tumorigenic (HT-29, DLD-1, and SW620) and nontumorigenic (SKCO-1) colon cell lines and from nonneoplastic rat kidney (NRK-52E) and small intestinal (IEC-6) epithelial cells were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and assayed for TGF-- and TGF-ß-like activity. The highly tumorigenic colon cell lines produced 10- to 45-fold (soft agar), 19- to 90-fold (radioreceptor), and 4- to 35-fold (radioimmunoassay) more TGF- activity compared to the nonneoplastic rat intestinal (IEC) epithelial cells. NRK-52E did not produce detectable TGF- activity. Radio-immunoassay analysis of peak fractions revealed only TGF- immuno-reactivity; epidermal growth factor was not detected. Levels of TGF-ß-like material in the colon carcinoma populations were comparable (HT-29) or elevated (DLD-1, SW620) only 3- to 4-fold (soft agar) or 1- to 3-fold (radioreceptor binding) compared to IEC cells or NRK-52E. Growth factor production is an ubiquitous property of colon carcinoma cell lines maintained in vitro and is consistent with this class of molecule, playing a contributory role in regulating cell growth.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Cell Biology (L109), Smith Kline & French Laboratories, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406.

Received 10/13/88. Revised 2/24/89. Accepted 3/ 7/89.

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