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Purification and Characterization of Tumor Inhibitory Factor-2: Its Identity to Interleukin 1

Rorer Central Research, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406

The tumor inhibitory factor-2 from the conditioned medium of the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line A673 was purified and sequenced. The 19 N-terminal amino acid residues were identical to those of human interleukin 1 (IL-1), corresponding to the residues 119–137 of the IL-1 precursor. The purified material had an apparent molecular weight similar to that of the mature secreted form of IL-1 (M_r 17,400). In addition, similarly to IL-1, it induced the production of IL-2 by T-cells. The purified protein inhibited the growth of the A673 cells from which it was derived, suggesting that it may act as an autocrine growth inhibitor. It also inhibited the growth of a human adenocarcinoma of the lung and three human mammary carcinomas, but not of two human melanoma cell lines. In contrast, it stimulated the proliferation of normal human fibroblasts. These biological activities, previously assigned to a putative tumor inhibitory factor molecule, are apparently due to the production by the tumor cells of IL-1.

¹ Present address: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 37, Room 4E16, Bethesda, MD 20892.

² Present address: American Red Cross, Holland Laboratory for Biomedical Science, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855.

³ On leave from Department of Human Microbiology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.

⁴ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Rorer Biotechnology, Inc., 680 Allendale Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406.

Received 1/11/89. Accepted 3/20/89.

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