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Expression of Interleukin 1ß Receptors on Blast Cells in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: Comparison with Interleukin 1ß Proliferative Activity¹

First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 5-45 Yushima 1-Chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

We describe here the presence of a single class of interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß) receptors on the surface of blast cells freshly obtained from eight acute myeloblastic leukemia patients and one chronic myelocytic leukemia patient in blast crisis. Blast cells possessed a low number of high-affinity receptors (range, <10–173 receptors/cell) with a K_d of 1.8–12.8 x 10^-10 M. At the same time, we have investigated the effects of IL-1 on the growth of leukemic blast progenitors, and a significant heterogeneity of responsiveness was observed. IL-1ß (1 ng/ml) enhanced blast colony formation in six patients. No significant effect was observed by addition of up to 100 ng/ml of IL-1ß in the remaining three patients. No significant correlation was observed between the receptor number, receptor affinity, and the cellular responsiveness to IL-1; in some acute myeloblastic leukemia cases with apparent IL-1 receptors, no proliferation response to added IL-1 was observed. Our data show that IL-1 alone can enhance blast colony formation and that lack of responsiveness to IL-1 in some acute myeloblastic leukemia patients is not related to the absence of IL-1 receptors on blast cells.

¹ Supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, Japan.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 9/13/88. Revised 2/28/89. Accepted 3/20/89.