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Antigenic Sites in Carcinoembryonic Antigen¹

University of Umeå, Umeå [S. H.]; Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte [J. E. S., R. J. P., B. G. B.]; University of Stockholm, Stockholm [A. L., R. G.]; The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo [O. B.]; University of Lausanne [F. B., J-P. M.]; Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique, Villejuif [P. B.]; Oris Industrie, Bagnols sur Ceze Cedex [P. S., B. D., F. D., J. S., J. P. J.]; McGill University, Montreal [A. F.]; University Hospital, Hamburg [H. K., W. S., R. A., G. K.]; Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg [S. V. K., F. G., K. S.]; Fukuoka University [Y. M., M. K.]; University of Technology, Aachen [C. W.]; Medix Biochemica, Helsinki [T. W.]; Sapporo Medical School, Sapporo [A. Y., K. I., N. H., M. T.]

The epitope reactivities of 52 well-characterized monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against carcinoembryonic antigen from 11 different research groups were studied using competitive solid-phase immunoassays. About 60% of all possible combinations of Mabs as inhibitors and as the primary binding antibody were investigated. The inhibition data were analyzed by a specially developed computer program "EPITOPES" which measures concordance and discordance in inhibition patterns between Mabs. The analysis showed that 43 of the 52 Mabs (83%) could be classified into one of five essentially noninteracting epitope groups (GOLD 1–5) containing between four and 15 Mabs each. The epitopes recognized by the Mabs belonging to groups 1 to 5 were peptide in nature. With one or two possible exceptions non-classifiable Mabs were either directed against carbohydrate epitopes (4 Mabs) or were inactive in the tests used. Within epitope groups GOLD 1, 4, and 5 two partially overlapping subgroups were distinguished. Mabs with a high degree of carcinoembryonic antigen specificity generally belonged to epitope groups GOLD 1 and 3.

¹ This study represents the work of an international workshop on the epitope reactivity of monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Division of Immunology, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010.

Received 8/24/88. Revised 4/12/89. Accepted 5/ 2/89.

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