This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Peters, R. K. Articles by Mack, T. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Peters, R. K. Articles by Mack, T. M.

A Case-Control Study of Occupational and Dietary Factors in Colorectal Cancer in Young Men by Subsite¹

Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033 [R. K. P., M. C. Y., T. M. M.], and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 [D. H. G.]

With the hope that exposures responsible for colorectal cancer might be especially obvious among those in whom it develops early, 147 men with colorectal carcinomas first diagnosed between the ages of 25 and 44 years were compared to neighborhood controls. Physical activity on the job was protective for tumors located in the transverse and descending portions of the colon. Rectal cancer and to a lesser extent sigmoid cancers were associated with jobs in which dusts or fumes were inhaled, especially if those jobs were held for long periods in young adulthood. While risk for rectal cancer did not seem to be limited to any particular type of dust or fume, the excess risk was strongest for wood and metal dusts. Consumption of fruits and vegetables and a preference for whole grain breads were protective for colon but not rectal cancers, while consumption of deep fried foods and barbecued/smoked meats increased risk at specific subsites. Beef intake, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking appeared to play little or no role at any subsite.

¹ Supported by USPHS Grants R01CA19476, K04CA00884, K07CA01291, and R01CA36501 from the Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at USC School of Medicine, 1420 San Pablo St., PMB-B305, Los Angeles, CA 90033.

Received 3/10/89. Revised 6/19/89. Accepted 7/ 6/89.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				E. Botteri, S. Iodice, V. Bagnardi, S. Raimondi, A. B. Lowenfels, and P. Maisonneuve Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis JAMA, December 17, 2008; 300(23): 2765 - 2778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. I.L. Nilsen, P. R. Romundstad, H. Petersen, D. Gunnell, and L. J. Vatten Recreational Physical Activity and Cancer Risk in Subsites of the Colon (the Nord-Trondelag Health Study) Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2008; 17(1): 183 - 188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Martinez, E. T. Jacobs, E. L. Ashbeck, R. Sinha, P. Lance, D. S. Alberts, and P. A. Thompson Meat intake, preparation methods, mutagens and colorectal adenoma recurrence Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2007; 28(9): 2019 - 2027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. H. Ward, A. J. Cross, H. Divan, M. Kulldorff, S. Nowell-Kadlubar, F. F. Kadlubar, and R. Sinha Processed meat intake, CYP2A6 activity and risk of colorectal adenoma Carcinogenesis, June 1, 2007; 28(6): 1210 - 1216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Meyerhardt, E. L. Giovannucci, M. D. Holmes, A. T. Chan, J. A. Chan, G. A. Colditz, and C. S. Fuchs Physical Activity and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis J. Clin. Oncol., August 1, 2006; 24(22): 3527 - 3534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. A. Aliyu, M. R. Cullen, M. J. Barnett, J. R. Balmes, B. Cartmel, C. A. Redlich, C. A. Brodkin, S. Barnhart, L. Rosenstock, L. Israel, et al. Evidence for Excess Colorectal Cancer Incidence among Asbestos-exposed Men in the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial Am. J. Epidemiol., November 1, 2005; 162(9): 868 - 878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Sinha, M. Kulldorff, M. J. Gunter, P. Strickland, and N. Rothman Dietary Benzo[a]Pyrene Intake and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2005; 14(8): 2030 - 2034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Gunter, N. M. Probst-Hensch, V. K. Cortessis, M. Kulldorff, R. W. Haile, and R. Sinha Meat intake, cooking-related mutagens and risk of colorectal adenoma in a sigmoidoscopy-based case-control study Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2005; 26(3): 637 - 642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Cho, S. A. Smith-Warner, J. Ritz, P. A. van den Brandt, G. A. Colditz, A. R. Folsom, J. L. Freudenheim, E. Giovannucci, R. A. Goldbohm, S. Graham, et al. Alcohol Intake and Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 8 Cohort Studies Ann Intern Med, April 20, 2004; 140(8): 603 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Riboli and T. Norat Epidemiologic evidence of the protective effect of fruit and vegetables on cancer risk Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2003; 78(3): 559S - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. L. Slattery, S. Edwards, K. Curtin, K. Ma, R. Edwards, R. Holubkov, and D. Schaffer Physical Activity and Colorectal Cancer Am. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2003; 158(3): 214 - 224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. Friedenreich and M. R. Orenstein Physical Activity and Cancer Prevention: Etiologic Evidence and Biological Mechanisms J. Nutr., November 1, 2002; 132(11): 3456S - 3464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Giovannucci Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Colon Cancer: A Review of the Evidence J. Nutr., November 1, 2001; 131(11): 3109S - 3120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. H. Wu, D. Shibata, M. C. Yu, M.-Y. Lai, and R. K. Ross Dietary heterocyclic amines and microsatellite instability in colon adenocarcinomas Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2001; 22(10): 1681 - 1684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Giovannucci An Updated Review of the Epidemiological Evidence that Cigarette Smoking Increases Risk of Colorectal Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2001; 10(7): 725 - 731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. Friedenreich Physical Activity and Cancer Prevention: From Observational to Intervention Research Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2001; 10(4): 287 - 301. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. D. Boudreau, D. G. Baker, H. W. Taylor, S. A. Barker, and J. C. Means Suppression of Arylamine Toxicity in the Fischer-344 Rat Following Ingestion of a Complex Mixture Toxicol Pathol, April 1, 2001; 29(3): 333 - 343. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Chao, M. J. Thun, E. J. Jacobs, S. J. Henley, C. Rodriguez, and E. E. Calle Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II J Natl Cancer Inst, December 6, 2000; 92(23): 1888 - 1896. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Alberts, M. E. Martinez, D. J. Roe, J. M. Guillen-Rodriguez, J. R. Marshall, J. B. van Leeuwen, M. E. Reid, C. Ritenbaugh, P. A. Vargas, A.B. Bhattacharyya, et al. Lack of Effect of a High-Fiber Cereal Supplement on the Recurrence of Colorectal Adenomas N. Engl. J. Med., April 20, 2000; 342(16): 1156 - 1162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Kampman, M. L. Slattery, J. Bigler, M. Leppert, W. Samowitz, B. J. Caan, and J. D. Potter Meat Consumption, Genetic Susceptibility, and Colon Cancer Risk: A United States Multicenter Case-Control Study Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 1999; 8(1): 15 - 24. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. C. Chu, R. E. Tarone, W.-H. Chow, and G. A. Alexander Colorectal Cancer Trends by Race and Anatomic Subsites, 1975 to 1991 Arch Fam Med, October 1, 1995; 4(10): 849 - 856. [Abstract] [PDF]