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Enhancement of Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in Hamsters Fed a High-Fat Diet ad Libitum and at a Controlled Calorie Intake¹

Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer [D. F. B., A. D. J., L. T. W., P. M. P.] and Departments of Biochemistry [D. F. B.], Pharmaceutical Sciences [D. F. B.], and Pathology/Microbiology [P. M. P.], University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105-1065

An enhancement of pancreatic cancer induced by N-nitrosobis-(2-oxoproyl)amine (BOP) was reported previously in Syrian hamsters fed high-fat diet following carcinogen treatment. The purpose of our research was to determine if this enhancement was due to the consumption of more calories by the hamsters fed the high-fat diet. Male hamsters were treated with a single injection of BOP (20 mg/kg body weight s.c.) at 8 weeks of age. One week later they started either on a low-fat diet (4.3% corn oil) or a high-fat diet (20.5% corn oil) that was fed until the end of the experiment at 92 weeks after BOP. Diets were fed either ad libitum or in a control-fed protocol. The control-fed groups had equivalent calorie intakes and were restricted slightly in comparison with the ad libitum-fed hamsters. BOP treatment reduced survival slightly but survival did not differ significantly in accordance with dietary assignment. Body weight was elevated in the hamsters fed high-fat diet ad libitum in comparison with those fed low-fat diet ad libitum. However, differences were not observed in hamsters fed low- and high-fat diets by the control-fed protocol. Pancreatic carcinogenesis was enhanced about 3- to 4-fold when hamsters were fed high-fat diet by either protocol. The degree of enhancement did not differ with the feeding regimen. However, the higher death rate with pancreatic cancer occurred earlier in the ad libitum-fed hamsters than in the control-fed hamsters.

¹ This work was supported by NIH Grants RO1CA 31655 and CA-36727 and by Grant SIG-16 from the American Cancer Society.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 42nd and Dewey Ave., Omaha, NE 68105-1065.

Received 3/ 6/89. Revised 7/14/89. Accepted 7/26/89.

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