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Surgical Department [A. H.] and Department of Haematology, Laboratory for Medical Enzymology [B. A. v. O, G. R., G. E. J. S.], University Hospital, P. O. Box 16250, 3500 CG Utrecht, and Institute of Pathology, University of Utrecht [J. S.], The Netherlands
Tyrosine specific protein kinase activity was determined in 70 specimens of the human mammary gland. These included 28 cancers of the breast, 21 benign breast diseases, and 21 normal breast tissues. We measured tyrosine kinase activity in the cytosol fraction and in the membrane fraction of the homogenates. In addition cytosolic aldolase activity was measured. Tyrosine kinase activity was determined using poly(glutamic acid:tyrosine = 4:1) as an artificial substrate. Cancers of the breast exhibited considerable higher tyrosine kinase activities in both cytosol and membrane fractions, compared to benign breast tumors (P 
0.001). Benign tumors demonstrated increased activities in cytosol in comparison to normal breast tissues (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there appears to be a strong association of an enhanced expression of activity of tyrosine kinase in cytosol of primary carcinomas and early systemic relapse. In combination with aldolase activity a nearly complete discrimination is achieved between malignant specimens on one hand and benign and normal tissues on the other.
1 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.
Received 1/21/88. Revised 8/22/88. Accepted 10/20/88.
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