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Immunohistological Detection of Fucosyl-G_m1 Ganglioside in Human Lung Cancer and Normal Tissues with Monoclonal Antibodies¹

Departments of Medical Microbiology [F-T. B., J. H., L. L.] and Pathology [S. O.], University of Göteborg, S-413 46 Göteborg; Pharmacia Canag, S-402 42 Göteborg [O. N.]; Department of Oncology, University of Uppsala, S-751 85 Uppsala [J. B.]; and Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Göteborg, S-402 64 Göteborg [S. S., F. Y.], Sweden

With the aid of a highly specific murine monoclonal antibody, F12, an immunofluorescence method was elaborated that allowed sensitive and specific detection of the ganglioside antigen fucosyl-G_M1 (IV²FucII³NeuAcGgOse₄Cer) in different types of human lung cancer and normal tissues. Nineteen of 21 cases of small cell lung cancer were positive with the F12 immunofluorescence method as compared to 2 of 10 squamous epithelial cell lung cancers and 1 of 5 large cell lung cancer specimens. Specimens of lung adenocarcinoma (8 cases) and bronchial carcinoid (3 cases) were all negative, as were 2 examined cases of neuroblastoma. No fucosyl-G_M1 could be detected in normal lung and bronchus. However, in thymus, spleen, and lamina propria of the small intestine sparsely distributed clusters of small round cells were stained as well as intramural ganglionic cells of the small intestine and islet cells of the pancreas. All other normal tissues tested were negative. Results obtained with immunofluorescence closely agreed with immunochemical determination of fucosyl-G_M1 in lipid extracts of tissues. Our findings suggest that fucosyl-G_M1 is strongly associated with small cell cancer of the lung and demonstrate that this tumor-associated antigen can be detected with high sensitivity and specificity with an immunofluorescence method based on the use of the F12 monoclonal antibody.

¹ This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Research Council; Stena Diagnostics, Ltd., Göteborg, Sweden; the Swedish Technical Research Council; Swedish National Society against Heart and Chest diseases; Åke Wiberg's Foundation; Svenska Läkaresällskapet and the Medical Faculty, Universities of Göteborg and Uppsala, Sweden.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Medical Microbiology, Guldhedsgatan 10, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden.

Received 12/ 5/86. Revised 8/ 3/88. Revised 11/ 4/88. Accepted 11/10/88.

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