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Search for Mediators of the Lipogenic Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor: Potential Role for Interleukin 6¹

Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and the Metabolism Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121 [C. G., S. A., M. S., A. M., K. R. F.], and the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State University of Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium [W. F.]

The significance of potential second messengers as mediators of the metabolic effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was explored by studying their role in stimulating hepatic lipogenesis. Platelet-activating factor and prostaglandins have previously been suggested to mediate some of the toxic effects of TNF. An inhibitor of platelet-activating factor (WEB 2086) and two inhibitors of the synthesis of prostaglandins (ibuprofen and aspirin) had no effect on the ability of TNF to increase hepatic lipogenesis or serum triglyceride levels in the rat. Another inhibitor of the toxic effects of TNF, pentoxifylline, also had no effect on lipid metabolism in the rat. Catecholamines are increased after TNF administration, but - and ß-adrenergic blockade did not prevent the lipogenic effects of TNF. However, interleukin 6, a cytokine whose synthesis and secretion are induced by TNF, is able to acutely stimulate hepatic lipogenesis in mice. Interleukin 6 stimulates hepatic lipogenesis by increasing hepatic citrate concentrations, the same mechanism by which TNF stimulates hepatic lipogenesis. These data suggest that interleukin 6, but not platelet-activating factor, prostaglandins, or catecholamines, could potentially mediate the lipogenic effects of TNF.

¹ This work was supported by grants from the Research Service of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the NIH (DK40990). C. G. is a recipient of a Clinical Investigator Award from the Department of Veterans Affairs.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Metabolism Section (111F), VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121.

Received 2/12/90.

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