| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 [B. P. N., M. H. S., L. A. B.]; Departments of Gynecology/Obstetrics and Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 [R. J. K.]; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. [W. B., G. D.]; Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland [L. L.]; ARC Professional Services, Bethesda, Maryland [K. M.]; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, D.C. General Hospital, Washington, D. C. [S. J.]; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arlington Hospital, Arlington, Virginia [J-G. T.]; and Departments of Molecular Biology/Genetics and Gynecology/Obstetrics and Center for Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan [W. D. L.]
Oral contraceptive (OC) use was examined as a risk factor for cytological abnormalities of the cervix among 1964 women receiving Papanicolaou smears at three hospitals in the Washington, D.C., area. A single pathologist classified cytological results from all women as normal (n = 1423), atypia (n = 314), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL; n = 208), or high grade SIL (n = 19). Women in each of the three abnormal groups were compared to women with normal cytological diagnoses. A subset of 579 patients, including most of the women with low or high grade SIL and a matched group of controls, was tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) by type-specific Southern blot hybridization to examine the effects of OC use while taking into account the effects of HPV infection. OC use was found to be unrelated to risk of atypia or low grade SIL but was associated with an elevated risk of high grade SIL that increased with longer duration of use (relative risk = 4.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.1–18.1 for 
5 years of use). HPV infection was associated, as expected, with risk of low and high grade SIL but not with atypia. Taking the HPV results into consideration did not alter the OC findings. There was no evidence that OC use synergistically increased the risk of cervical neoplasia among HPV-infected women, although small numbers prevented a reliable evaluation for high grade SIL. OC use did appear to increase the detection of HPV types 16/18, but the etiological importance of this finding is unclear.
1 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza North, Rm. 443, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Received 9/19/89.
Revised 4/23/90.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. van Hamont, L.H.C. Nissen, A.G. Siebers, J.C.M. Hendriks, W.J.G. Melchers, J.A.M. Kremer, and L.F.A.G. Massuger Abnormal cervical cytology in women eligible for IVF Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2006; 21(9): 2359 - 2363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T.-C. Tsai, Y.-L. Lee, W.-C. Hsiao, Y.-P. Tsao, and S.-L. Chen NRIP, a Novel Nuclear Receptor Interaction Protein, Enhances the Transcriptional Activity of Nuclear Receptors J. Biol. Chem., May 20, 2005; 280(20): 20000 - 20009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. L. Winer, S.-K. Lee, J. P. Hughes, D. E. Adam, N. B. Kiviat, and L. A. Koutsky Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection: Incidence and Risk Factors in a Cohort of Female University Students Am. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2003; 157(3): 218 - 226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. H. Stewart, C. C. Harper, C. E. Ellertson, D. A. Grimes, G. F. Sawaya, and J. Trussell Clinical Breast and Pelvic Examination Requirements for Hormonal Contraception: Current Practice vs Evidence JAMA, May 2, 2001; 285(17): 2232 - 2239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. V. Lacey Jr., L. A. Brinton, F. M. Abbas, W. A. Barnes, P. E. Gravitt, M. D. Greenberg, S. M. Greene, O. C. Hadjimichael, L. McGowan, R. Mortel, et al. Oral Contraceptives as Risk Factors for Cervical Adenocarcinomas and Squamous Cell Carcinomas Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 1999; 8(12): 1079 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. D. Reed, P. Zazove, L. Gregoire, D. W. Gorenflo, W. D. Lancaster, and M. T. Ruffin IV Factors Associated With Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women Encountered in Community-Based Offices Arch Fam Med, December 1, 1993; 2(12): 1239 - 1248. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Cancer Research | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |
| Molecular Cancer Research | Cancer Prevention Research |
| Cancer Prevention Journals Portal | Cancer Reviews Online |
| Annual Meeting Education Book | Meeting Abstracts Online |
