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Tumor Localization by Combinations of Monoclonal Antibodies in a New Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Line (LIM1899)

Research Centre for Cancer and Transplantation, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052 [S. M. A., J. G. T., R. W. J., S. M. R., I. F. C. M., G. A. P.], and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Tumor Biology Branch, Post Office, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria 3050 [R. H. W.], Australia

One of the problems of in vivo diagnosis and therapy of tumors with monoclonal antibodies is their heterogeneity with respect to antigen expression, with some cells expressing no antigen and others being weakly or strongly positive. Selected mixtures of antibodies to different antigens are therefore likely to react with more cells than single antibodies and be more effective for imaging and therapy. With this in mind, we have examined a new human colon cancer cell line (LIM1899) which has a heterogenous expression of several cell surface molecules: by flow cytometry 38% were carcinoembryonic antigen positive; 64%, human milk fat globule positive, and 73%, CD46 positive; 87% of tumor cells bound a mixture of all three antibodies in vitro. Some blocking of the binding of anti-human milk fat globule antibody by the anti-CD46 antibody was noted. LIM1899 was established as a xenograft in nude mice and in vivo biodistribution studies performed using antibodies alone or in combination. Mixtures of antibodies clearly showed a higher percentage of injected dose of antibody in the tumor than did single antibodies: one antibody gave 10%; two together, 17 to 21%; and all three together gave 29% of the injected dose in the tumor. Tumor:blood ratios were also superior for combinations of antibodies, provided that low doses of the antibodies were used; at higher doses the effect was lost. The study demonstrates that combinations of antibodies are better than single antibodies for localization, provided that the dose used is carefully selected.

¹ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 9/27/89. Revised 5/ 3/90.

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