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Promotion of Colonic Microadenoma Growth in Mice and Rats Fed Cooked Sugar or Cooked Casein and Fat¹

Departments of Medical Biophysics [M. C. A., S. M., W. R. B.] and Nutritional Sciences [W. R. B.], University of Toronto and The Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto M4X 1K9, and Department of Pathology [A. M.], Northwestern General Hospital, Toronto M6M 3Z4, Ontario, Canada

We studied the effect of cooked food components on the promotion of microadenoma growth in the colons of mice and rats. CF1 mice and Fisher 344 rats were initiated with azoxymethane, with 152 mice receiving four weekly i.p. injections of 5 mg/kg, 59 rats receiving a single injection of 20 mg/kg, and 24 rats receiving 30 mg/kg. A week after the last injection, the animals were randomly assigned to one of eight diets with identical ingredients, but with the three components, sucrose, casein, and beef tallow, either uncooked or cooked. Control animals were given diets with uncooked ingredients. Experimental animals were fed diets in which one, two, or three of the components were cooked in an oven at 180°C until golden brown before they were added to the diet. After 100 days on the diets, the colons were fixed, stained with methylene blue, and scored for microadenomas. The mice and the rats fed cooked sucrose, or casein and beef tallow cooked together, had three to five times more large microadenomas than did the controls (P ranging from 0.02 to 0.0001). No significant increase was observed with the five other cooked diets. Two rats fed the casein and beef tallow cooked together had adenocarcinomas. Thus, a diet containing 20% of cooked sucrose, or 40% of casein and beef tallow cooked together, promotes the growth of colonic microadenomas in initiated mice and rats, and would appear to contain promoters for colon cancer.

¹ This work was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute of Canada.

² Present address: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, BP3, 31931 Toulouse, France.

³ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at The Ontario Cancer Institute, 500 Sherbourne Street, Toronto M4X 1K9, Ontario, Canada.

Received 5/ 1/90. Accepted 8/ 1/90.

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