| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Urology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
Prostate cancer, the most prevalent cancer affecting men, frequently metastasizes to the axial skeleton where it produces osteoblastic lesions with growth rates often exceeding that of the primary tumor. To evaluate the role of tumor cell-host stromal interaction and stromal specific growth factors (GFs) in prostate cancer growth and progression, we coinoculated athymic mice with human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) and various nontumorigenic fibroblasts s.c. LNCaP tumor formation was most consistently induced by human bone (MS) fibroblasts (62%), followed by embryonic rat urogenital sinus mesenchymal (rUGM) cells (31%) and Noble rat prostatic fibroblasts (17%), but not by NIH-3T3, normal rat kidney, or human lung CCD16 fibroblasts. Carcinomas formed preferentially in male hosts, demonstrating in vivo androgen sensitivity. The human prostate component of these tumors was confirmed with immunohistochemical staining for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Northern analysis for PSA expression, and Southern analysis for human repetitive Alu sequences. Elevations in serum PSA paralleled the histomorphological and biochemical findings.
LNCaP and fibroblast cell-conditioned media (CM) was used to determine whether autocrine and paracrine mitogenic pathways exist between LNCaP and fibroblast cells in vitro, and various defined GFs were tested to identify possible active factors. Mitogenic assays revealed a 200–300% bidirectional stimulation between LNCaP and bone or prostate fibroblast-derived CM. Lung, normal rat kidney, and 3T3 fibroblast CM were not mitogenic for LNCaP cells. Among the purified GFs tested basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was the most potent mitogen, stimulating LNCaP growth 180% in a concentration-dependent manner. Transforming growth factor 
and epidermal growth factor were both minimally mitogenic. Coinoculation of LNCaP cells with a slowly adsorbed matrix (Gelfoam) adsorbed with bFGF or dialyzed and concentrated rUGM or MS CM was also capable of inducing LNCaP tumor formation in vivo. These observations illustrate that fibroblasts differentially modulate prostate cancer growth through the release of paracrine-mediated GFs, possibly including bFGF, and that tumor-stromal cell interactions play an important role in prostate cancer growth and progression.
1 This work was supported in part by grant DK-38649 from the National Institutes of Health.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Urology Research Laboratory, Box 026, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030.
Received 1/22/91. Accepted 4/29/91.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. M. Cotton, M. K. O'Bryan, and B. T. Hinton Cellular Signaling by Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) and Their Receptors (FGFRs) in Male Reproduction Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2008; 29(2): 193 - 216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Wels, R. N. Kaplan, S. Rafii, and D. Lyden Migratory neighbors and distant invaders: tumor-associated niche cells Genes & Dev., March 1, 2008; 22(5): 559 - 574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hara, H. Miyazaki, A. Lee, C. P. Tran, and R. E. Reiter Androgen Receptor and Invasion in Prostate Cancer Cancer Res., February 15, 2008; 68(4): 1128 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Li, Y.-H. Liu, S.-J. Lee, T. A. Gardner, M.-H. Jeng, and C. Kao Prostate-Restricted Replicative Adenovirus Expressing Human Endostatin-Angiostatin Fusion Gene Exhibiting Dramatic Antitumor Efficacy Clin. Cancer Res., January 1, 2008; 14(1): 291 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Li, Y.-H. Liu, Y.-P. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Pu, T. A. Gardner, M.-H. Jeng, and C. Kao Fas Ligand Delivery by a Prostate-Restricted Replicative Adenovirus Enhances Safety and Antitumor Efficacy Clin. Cancer Res., September 15, 2007; 13(18): 5463 - 5473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-Q. Zhu, S. N. Popova, E. R. S. Brown, D. Barsyte-Lovejoy, R. Navab, W. Shih, M. Li, M. Lu, I. Jurisica, L. Z. Penn, et al. Integrin {alpha}11 regulates IGF2 expression in fibroblasts to enhance tumorigenicity of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells PNAS, July 10, 2007; 104(28): 11754 - 11759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.-H. Liu, A. Kirschenbaum, S. Yao, G. Liu, S. A. Aaronson, and A. C. Levine Androgen-Induced Wnt Signaling in Preosteoblasts Promotes the Growth of MDA-PCa-2b Human Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., June 15, 2007; 67(12): 5747 - 5753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. O'Connor, M. C. Farach-Carson, C. J. Schneider, and D. D. Carson Coculture with Prostate Cancer Cells Alters Endoglin Expression and Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Reactive Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Mol. Cancer Res., June 1, 2007; 5(6): 585 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. He, X.-d. Liu, Z.-y. Chen, J. Zhu, Y. Xiong, K. Li, J.-h. Dong, and X. Li Interaction between Cancer Cells and Stromal Fibroblasts Is Required for Activation of the uPAR-uPA-MMP-2 Cascade in Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis Clin. Cancer Res., June 1, 2007; 13(11): 3115 - 3124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. R. Nazareth, L. Broderick, M. R. Simpson-Abelson, R. J. Kelleher Jr., S. J. Yokota, and R. B. Bankert Characterization of Human Lung Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts and Their Ability to Modulate the Activation of Tumor-Associated T Cells J. Immunol., May 1, 2007; 178(9): 5552 - 5562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. B. Wetherill, J. K. Hess-Wilson, C. E.S. Comstock, S. A. Shah, C. R. Buncher, L. Sallans, P. A. Limbach, S. Schwemberger, G. F. Babcock, and K. E. Knudsen Bisphenol A facilitates bypass of androgen ablation therapy in prostate cancer Mol. Cancer Ther., December 1, 2006; 5(12): 3181 - 3190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-Y. Sung, H. Kubo, K. Shigemura, R. S. Arnold, S. Logani, R. Wang, H. Konaka, M. Nakagawa, S. Mousses, M. Amin, et al. Oxidative Stress Induces ADAM9 Protein Expression in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., October 1, 2006; 66(19): 9519 - 9526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-C. Huang, D. Wu, Z. Xie, H. E. Zhau, T. Nomura, M. Zayzafoon, J. Pohl, C.-L. Hsieh, M. N. Weitzmann, M. C. Farach-Carson, et al. {beta}2-Microglobulin Is a Signaling and Growth-Promoting Factor for Human Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Cancer Res., September 15, 2006; 66(18): 9108 - 9116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.-C. Pong, R. Roark, J.-Y. Ou, J. Fan, J. Stanfield, E. Frenkel, A. Sagalowsky, and J.-T. Hsieh Mechanism of Increased Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor Gene Expression and Adenovirus Uptake by Phytoestrogen and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor in Human Bladder Cancer Cells and the Potential Clinical Application. Cancer Res., September 1, 2006; 66(17): 8822 - 8828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Li, S. P. Raikwar, Y.-H. Liu, S.-J. Lee, Y.-P. Zhang, S. Zhang, L. Cheng, S.-D. Lee, B. E. Juliar, T. A. Gardner, et al. Combination therapy of androgen-independent prostate cancer using a prostate restricted replicative adenovirus and a replication-defective adenovirus encoding human endostatin-angiostatin fusion gene. Mol. Cancer Ther., March 1, 2006; 5(3): 676 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Joesting, S. Perrin, B. Elenbaas, S. E. Fawell, J. S. Rubin, O. E. Franco, S. W. Hayward, G. R. Cunha, and P. C. Marker Identification of SFRP1 as a Candidate Mediator of Stromal-to-Epithelial Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cancer Res., November 15, 2005; 65(22): 10423 - 10430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kim, P. Yang, M. Suraokar, A. L. Sabichi, N. D. Llansa, G. Mendoza, V. Subbarayan, C. J. Logothetis, R. A. Newman, S. M. Lippman, et al. Suppression of Prostate Tumor Cell Growth by Stromal Cell Prostaglandin D Synthase-Derived Products Cancer Res., July 15, 2005; 65(14): 6189 - 6198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J.C. Eigl, S. E. Eggener, J. Baybik, S. Ettinger, K. N. Chi, C. Nelson, Z. Wang, and M. E. Gleave Timing Is Everything: Preclinical Evidence Supporting Simultaneous Rather Than Sequential Chemohormonal Therapy for Prostate Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2005; 11(13): 4905 - 4911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-C. Huang, Z. Xie, H. Konaka, J. Sodek, H. E. Zhau, and L. W.K. Chung Human Osteocalcin and Bone Sialoprotein Mediating Osteomimicry of Prostate Cancer Cells: Role of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A Signaling Pathway Cancer Res., March 15, 2005; 65(6): 2303 - 2313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Li, Y.-P. Zhang, H.-S. Kim, K.-H. Bae, K. M. Stantz, S.-J. Lee, C. Jung, J. A. Jimenez, T. A. Gardner, M.-H. Jeng, et al. Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer by Controlling Adenovirus E1a and E4 Gene Expression with PSES Enhancer Cancer Res., March 1, 2005; 65(5): 1941 - 1951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Sato, N. Maehara, and M. Goggins Gene Expression Profiling of Tumor-Stromal Interactions between Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Stromal Fibroblasts Cancer Res., October 1, 2004; 64(19): 6950 - 6956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-A. Pham, J. W. Jacobberger, A. D. Schimmer, P. Cao, M. Gronda, and D. W. Hedley The dietary isothiocyanate sulforaphane targets pathways of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and oxidative stress in human pancreatic cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice Mol. Cancer Ther., October 1, 2004; 3(10): 1239 - 1248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Aalinkeel, M. P. N. Nair, G. Sufrin, S. D. Mahajan, K. C. Chadha, R. P. Chawda, and S. A. Schwartz Gene Expression of Angiogenic Factors Correlates with Metastatic Potential of Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., August 1, 2004; 64(15): 5311 - 5321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Fan, C. V. Pepicelli, C. C. Dibble, W. Catbagan, J. L. Zarycki, R. Laciak, J. Gipp, A. Shaw, M. L. G. Lamm, A. Munoz, et al. Hedgehog Signaling Promotes Prostate Xenograft Tumor Growth Endocrinology, August 1, 2004; 145(8): 3961 - 3970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Shirakawa, K. Hamada, Z. Zhang, H. Okada, M. Tagawa, S. Kamidono, M. Kawabata, and A. Gotoh A Cox-2 Promoter-Based Replication-Selective Adenoviral Vector to Target the Cox-2-Expressing Human Bladder Cancer Cells Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2004; 10(13): 4342 - 4348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H Ueno, A M Jones, K H Wilkinson, J R Jass, and I C Talbot Histological categorisation of fibrotic cancer stroma in advanced rectal cancer Gut, April 1, 2004; 53(4): 581 - 586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Ettinger, R. Sobel, T. G. Whitmore, M. Akbari, D. R. Bradley, M. E. Gleave, and C. C. Nelson Dysregulation of Sterol Response Element-Binding Proteins and Downstream Effectors in Prostate Cancer during Progression to Androgen Independence Cancer Res., March 15, 2004; 64(6): 2212 - 2221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Blaszczyk, B. A. Masri, N. R. Mawji, T. Ueda, G. McAlinden, C. P. Duncan, N. Bruchovsky, H.-U. Schweikert, D. Schnabel, E. C. Jones, et al. Osteoblast-Derived Factors Induce Androgen-Independent Proliferation and Expression of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Clin. Cancer Res., March 1, 2004; 10(5): 1860 - 1869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Hara, K. Nakamura, H. Araki, M. Kusaka, and M. Yamaoka Enhanced Androgen Receptor Signaling Correlates with the Androgen-refractory Growth in a Newly Established MDA PCa 2b-hr Human Prostate Cancer Cell Subline Cancer Res., September 1, 2003; 63(17): 5622 - 5628. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kiyama, K. Morrison, T. Zellweger, M. Akbari, M. Cox, D. Yu, H. Miyake, and M. E. Gleave Castration-Induced Increases in Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 2 Promotes Proliferation of Androgen-independent Human Prostate LNCaP Tumors Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 63(13): 3575 - 3584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. H. Ngo, R. J. Barnard, P. Cohen, S. Freedland, C. Tran, F. deGregorio, Y. I. Elshimali, D. Heber, and W. J. Aronson Effect of Isocaloric Low-fat Diet on Human LAPC-4 Prostate Cancer Xenografts in Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice and the Insulin-like Growth Factor Axis Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 9(7): 2734 - 2743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H Chauhan, A Abraham, J R A Phillips, J H Pringle, R A Walker, and J L Jones There is more than one kind of myofibroblast: analysis of CD34 expression in benign, in situ, and invasive breast lesions J. Clin. Pathol., April 1, 2003; 56(4): 271 - 276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. C. Polek, L. V. Stewart, E. J. Ryu, M. B. Cohen, E. A. Allegretto, and N. L. Weigel p53 Is Required for 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-Induced G0 Arrest But Is Not Required for G1 Accumulation or Apoptosis of LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 50 - 60. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-L. Hsieh, L. Yang, L. Miao, F. Yeung, C. Kao, H. Yang, H. E. Zhau, and L. W. K. Chung A Novel Targeting Modality to Enhance Adenoviral Replication by Vitamin D3 in Androgen-independent Human Prostate Cancer Cells and Tumors Cancer Res., June 1, 2002; 62(11): 3084 - 3092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Tuxhorn, S. J. McAlhany, T. D. Dang, G. E. Ayala, and D. R. Rowley Stromal Cells Promote Angiogenesis and Growth of Human Prostate Tumors in a Differential Reactive Stroma (DRS) Xenograft Model Cancer Res., June 1, 2002; 62(11): 3298 - 3307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Karan, B. M. Schmied, B. J. Dave, U. A. Wittel, M.-F. Lin, and S. K. Batra Decreased Androgen-responsive Growth of Human Prostate Cancer Is Associated with Increased Genetic Alterations Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2001; 7(11): 3472 - 3480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Cinar, K. S. Koeneman, M. Edlund, G. S. Prins, H. E. Zhau, and L. W. K. Chung Androgen Receptor Mediates the Reduced Tumor Growth, Enhanced Androgen Responsiveness, and Selected Target Gene Transactivation in a Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line Cancer Res., October 1, 2001; 61(19): 7310 - 7317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Okegawa, R.-C. Pong, Y. Li, J. M. Bergelson, A. I. Sagalowsky, and J.-T. Hsieh The Mechanism of the Growth-inhibitory Effect of Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) on Human Bladder Cancer: A Functional Analysis of CAR Protein Structure Cancer Res., September 1, 2001; 61(17): 6592 - 6600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Spitzweg, M. K. O’Connor, E. R. Bergert, D. J. Tindall, C. Y. F. Young, and J. C. Morris Treatment of Prostate Cancer by Radioiodine Therapy after Tissue-specific Expression of the Sodium Iodide Symporter Cancer Res., November 1, 2000; 60(22): 6526 - 6530. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Cowen, N. Salem, F. Ashoori, R. Meyn, M. L. Meistrich, J. A. Roth, and A. Pollack Prostate Cancer Radiosensitization in Vivo with Adenovirus-mediated p53 Gene Therapy Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2000; 6(11): 4402 - 4408. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Okegawa, Y. Li, R.-C. Pong, J. M. Bergelson, J. Zhou, and J.-T. Hsieh The Dual Impact of Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor Expression on Human Prostate Cancer Gene Therapy Cancer Res., September 1, 2000; 60(18): 5031 - 5036. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.-i. Nakashiro, M. Okamoto, Y. Hayashi, and R. Oyasu Hepatocyte Growth Factor Secreted by Prostate-Derived Stromal Cells Stimulates Growth of Androgen-Independent Human Prostatic Carcinoma Cells Am. J. Pathol., September 1, 2000; 157(3): 795 - 803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Jackson, M. E. Gleave, V. Yago, E. Beraldi, W. L. Hunter, and H. M. Burt The Suppression of Human Prostate Tumor Growth in Mice by the Intratumoral Injection of a Slow-Release Polymeric Paste Formulation of Paclitaxel Cancer Res., August 1, 2000; 60(15): 4146 - 4151. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, C. Nelson, P. S. Rennie, and M. E. Gleave Overexpression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-5 Helps Accelerate Progression to Androgen-Independence in the Human Prostate LNCaP Tumor Model through Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3'-Kinase Pathway Endocrinology, June 1, 2000; 141(6): 2257 - 2265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, M. Pollak, and M. E. Gleave Castration-induced Up-Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-5 Potentiates Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Activity and Accelerates Progression to Androgen Independence in Prostate Cancer Models Cancer Res., June 1, 2000; 60(11): 3058 - 3064. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, C. Nelson, P. S. Rennie, and M. E. Gleave Acquisition of Chemoresistant Phenotype by Overexpression of the Antiapoptotic Gene Testosterone-repressed Prostate Message-2 in Prostate Cancer Xenograft Models Cancer Res., May 1, 2000; 60(9): 2547 - 2554. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, K. N. Chi, and M. E. Gleave Antisense TRPM-2 Oligodeoxynucleotides Chemosensitize Human Androgen-independent PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells Both in Vitro and in Vivo Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2000; 6(5): 1655 - 1663. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, C. Nelson, P. S. Rennie, and M. E. Gleave Testosterone-repressed Prostate Message-2 Is an Antiapoptotic Gene Involved in Progression to Androgen Independence in Prostate Cancer Cancer Res., January 1, 2000; 60(1): 170 - 176. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Adam, J. G. Borer, B. J. Williams, J. A. Eastham, K. R. Loughlin, and M. R. Freeman Amphiregulin Is Coordinately Expressed with Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Growth Factor in the Interstitial Smooth Muscle of the Human Prostate Endocrinology, December 1, 1999; 140(12): 5866 - 5875. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Dougherty, E. A. G. Blomme, A. J. Koh, J. E. Henderson, K. J. Pienta, T. J. Rosol, and L. K. McCauley Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein as a Growth Regulator of Prostate Carcinoma Cancer Res., December 1, 1999; 59(23): 6015 - 6022. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Chott, Z. Sun, D. Morganstern, J. Pan, T. Li, M. Susani, I. Mosberger, M. P. Upton, G. J. Bubley, and S. P. Balk Tyrosine Kinases Expressed in Vivo by Human Prostate Cancer Bone Marrow Metastases and Loss of the Type 1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 1999; 155(4): 1271 - 1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, I. Hara, K. Gohji, K. Yamanaka, S. Hara, S. Arakawa, M. Nakajima, and S. Kamidono Relative Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 in Mouse Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Regulates Their Metastatic Potential Clin. Cancer Res., October 1, 1999; 5(10): 2824 - 2829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gleave, A. Tolcher, H. Miyake, C. Nelson, B. Brown, E. Beraldi, and J. Goldie Progression to Androgen Independence Is Delayed by Adjuvant Treatment with Antisense Bcl-2 Oligodeoxynucleotides after Castration in the LNCaP Prostate Tumor Model Clin. Cancer Res., October 1, 1999; 5(10): 2891 - 2898. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyake, A. Tolcher, and M. E. Gleave Antisense Bcl-2 Oligodeoxynucleotides Inhibit Progression to Androgen-Independence after Castration in the Shionogi Tumor Model Cancer Res., August 1, 1999; 59(16): 4030 - 4034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. N. Thalmann, R. A. Sikes, R. E. Devoll, J. A. Kiefer, R. Markwalder, I. Klima, C. M. Farach-Carson, U. E. Studer, and L. W. K. Chung Osteopontin: Possible Role in Prostate Cancer Progression Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 1999; 5(8): 2271 - 2277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Nemeth, J. F. Harb, U. Barroso Jr., Z. He, D. J. Grignon, and M. L. Cher Severe Combined Immunodeficient-hu Model of Human Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Human Bone Cancer Res., April 1, 1999; 59(8): 1987 - 1993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Putz, Z. Culig, I. E. Eder, C. Nessler-Menardi, G. Bartsch, H. Grunicke, F. Uberall, and H. Klocker Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptor Blockade Inhibits the Action of EGF, Insulin-like Growth Factor I, and a Protein Kinase A Activator on the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Cancer Res., January 1, 1999; 59(1): 227 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Chen, S.-H. Lin, L. W. K. Chung, and R. A. Sikes Isolation and Characterization of PAGE-1 and GAGE-7. NEW GENES EXPRESSED IN THE LNCaP PROSTATE CANCER PROGRESSION MODEL THAT SHARE HOMOLOGY WITH MELANOMA-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS J. Biol. Chem., July 10, 1998; 273(28): 17618 - 17625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
