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Characterization of Tenascin Secreted by Human Melanoma Cells¹

The Wistar Institute [M. H., U. G., D. S., B-A. S., R. K.] and The Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania [J. L. B., D. G.], Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Tenascin is a large glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix. It shows a site-restricted expression during embryogenesis and can be found in adult tissues during wound healing and tumorigenesis. Because of the potential involvement of tenascin in adhesion and invasion during metastasis, the study of the interactions of tumor cells with tenascin is of considerable interest. Using five anti-melanoma monoclonal antibodies to four different epitopes of human tenascin, we found that most melanoma cells secrete tenascin in vitro constitutively. Transforming growth factor ß₁ in the medium increased secretion in tenascin-producing cells. Tenascin was present in sera of melanoma patients, with significantly elevated levels in patients with advanced melanomas as compared to patients with low tumor burden or to normal donors. Normal and malignant melanocytes did not attach to tenascin as substrate within 1 to 2 h and tenascin could also inhibit fibronectin-dependent adhesion. These results indicate that tenascin may play a critical role in cell-substrate interactions of melanoma cells.

¹ This work was supported by NIH Grants CA-25874, CA-44877, CA-10815, and CA-47159.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104.

Received 4/ 8/91. Accepted 7/ 8/91.

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