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c-myc Gene-induced Alterations in Protein Kinase C Expression: A Possible Mechanism Facilitating myc-ras Gene Complementation¹

Departments of Medicine [L. F. B., S. B. B.] and Oncology [M. M., B. D. N., G. T., W. S. M., S. B. B.], The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

The mechanism(s) by which the c-myc nuclear protein and the membrane-associated ras protein interact to mediate phenotypic changes is unknown. We now find that c-mcy gene expression is associated with alterations in the principal signal transduction pathway through which the ras protein is thought to function. We studied the transcript and protein expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in a culture line of human small cell lung cancer cells (NCI H209) in which expression of inserted c-myc and Ha-ras genes together, but not alone, causes a transition to a large cell phenotype. In control H209 cells, at the transcript and cell membrane protein levels, PKC- is the dominant PKC species. In this cell line, the expression of an exogenous c-myc gene, but not of a viral Ha-ras gene, causes a 5- to 10-fold increase in the PKC-ß isoform transcript and protein. The insertion of ras into the exogenous myc-expressing 209 cells, in addition to causing phenotypic transition, results in the translocation of the PKC-ß protein from the cytosol to the membrane fraction and a decrease in membrane-associated PKC-. Concomitant with these changes, the increased PKC isoform transcript levels induced by myc alone are completely reversed. These observations suggest that a complex set of PKC transcript and protein alterations, most prominently involving an increased PKC-ß protein level in the cell membrane, a decrease in PKC- protein, and a decrease in all PKC isoform transcripts, may represent a fundamental event(s) for c-myc collaboration with Ha-ras to alter cell phenotype.

¹ These studies were supported by NIH Grants 1R01 CA48081-02, CA44649, and CA47993. L. F. B. is a recipient of the Parker B. Francis Fellowship Award in Pulmonary Research. W. S. M. is a Leukemia Society of America Scholar. M. M. is a recipient of the American Society of Clinical Oncology Young Investigator Award.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 10/ 2/90. Accepted 7/31/91.

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