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Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, [A. P., M. O.], and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 [S. L., J. G.]
In lung and liver cancers, p53 mutations are mostly G:C to T:A transversions. This type of mutation is known to be induced by benzo(a)pyrene and aflatoxin B1 which are associated with the etiology of lung and liver cancers, respectively. Using a novel assay based on DNA polymerase fingerprint analysis, we identified p53 nucleotides targeted by these carcinogens. Thirteen of 14 nucleotide residues of the p53 gene which underwent G:C to T:A mutations in lung cancers were targeted by benzo(a)pyrene. Similarly, aflatoxin B1 formed adducts at a mutational hotspot specific for liver cancer. The same nucleotide (third base of codon 249), which mutates rarely in lung cancers, was not a target for benzo(a)pyrene. These in vitro observations indicate that p53 mutational hotspots identified in different tumors are selected targets specifically for the etiologically defined environmental carcinogens.
1 This work was supported by grants from the NIH (CA 49832) and Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer. J. D. G. is a recipient of a Research Career Development Award from the NIH.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at MGH Cancer Center, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129.
Received 8/26/91. Accepted 9/25/91.
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