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Development of a Murine Lymphoma Model System for the Characterization of Natural Killer:Tumor Cell Interactions¹

Department of Microbiology and Immunology [G. S., R. M. W., R. C.], Center of Excellence for Arthritis and Rheumatology [R. M. W., R. C.], and Center for Excellence in Cancer Research [R. C.], Louisiana State University Medical Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130

We have developed a model system which can be utilized for characterizing both the molecular basis of natural killer (NK):tumor interactions and the consequences of these interactions on tumor growth in vivo. This model system consists of several tumor lines which were derived from the murine lymphoma ASL1w under conditions which permitted the isolation of clonal lines that differ in their susceptibility to NK-mediated lysis. The NK-resistant clones used in this study (AW5J and AW5E) were susceptible to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis and thus appear to be resistant to lytic processes utilized uniquely by NK cells. In competitive (cold target) inhibition assays, the AW5J clone did not inhibit NK recognition as well as the NK-sensitive clones. Thus AW5J may not be efficiently recognized by NK cells. The AW5E clone, on the other hand, competitively inhibited NK recognition as efficiently as the NK-sensitive clones; therefore, AW5E appears to evade a post-recognition event which is required for NK-mediated lysis. The susceptibility of these clones to killing by NK cells directly correlated with their lethality, suggesting that NK cells regulated the growth of these tumors in vivo. The level of host NK activity was also an important determinant of the level and site of tumor localization. Two-step immunofluorescence assays and flow cytometric analysis were used to quantitate the number of tumor cells in the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes of mice with augmented or depleted NK activity. Increasing host NK activity decreased the number of tumor cells in each organ which could support the growth of the particular tumor tested. Furthermore, the extent of NK regulation was dependent, in part, upon the susceptibility of the particular tumor to NK-mediated lysis and the site of tumor growth. Thus, the data presented here demonstrate the utility of the ASL1w-derived clones as a model system which can be used to delineate the requirements and consequences of NK:tumor interactions.

¹ This work was supported in part by American Cancer Society Grant IM-568, by National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Grant RO3AA09067, and by grants from the American Heart Association-Louisiana, Inc. The University Core Facility for Flow Cytometry was established with funds provided by the Louisiana Board of Regents through the Louisiana Education Quality Support Fund, Contract LEQSF(89-90) ENH-27.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Post Office Box 33932, Shreveport, LA 71130.

Received 3/ 9/92. Accepted 5/13/92.