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Effects of Sodium Nitrite and Catechol, 3-Methoxycatechol, or Butylated Hydroxyanisole in Combination in a Rat Multiorgan Carcinogenesis Model¹

First Department of Pathology, Nagoya City University Medical School, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467, Japan

Effects of simultaneous treatment with NaNO₂ and butylated hydroxyanisole, catechol, or 3-methoxycatechol were examined in a rat multiorgan carcinogenesis model. Groups of 15 animals were given a single i.p. injection of 100 mg/kg of body weight diethylnitrosamine, 4 i.p. injections of 20 mg/kg of body weight N-methylnitrosourea, 4 s.c. injections of 40 mg/kg of body weight dimethylhydrazine, p.o. treatment with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in the drinking water for the first 2 weeks and p.o. treatment with 0.1% 2,2'-dihydroxy-di-n-propylnitrosamine in the drinking water for the next 2 weeks of the initial 4-week initiation period. Starting 3 days after the completion of these carcinogen treatments, animals were given diets containing 2% butylated hydroxyanisole, 0.8% catechol, 2% 3-methoxycatechol, or basal diet either alone or in combination with 0.3% sodium nitrite until week 28, when complete autopsy was performed.

Histological examination showed that NaNO₂ strongly enhanced development of forestomach lesions but inhibited that of glandular stomach lesions in rats simultaneously given catechol or 3-methoxycatechol with or without prior carcinogen exposure. 3-Methoxycatechol promoted esophageal carcinogenesis either with or without NaNO₂, but promoting effects of catechol were evident only in the presence of NaNO₂. In addition, treatment with NaNO₂ after carcinogen exposure enhanced forestomach carcinogenesis. These results indicate that NaNO₂ can modify phenolic antioxidant-induced cell proliferation and/or carcinogenesis, particularly in the upper digestive tract.

¹ This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, a grant from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and a grant from the Society for Promotion of Pathology of Nagoya.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

³ Present address: First Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-54, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545, Japan.

Received 6/29/92. Accepted 10/19/92.

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