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Expression of CD44 Variant Proteins in Human Colorectal Cancer Is Related to Tumor Progression¹

Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands [V. J. M. W., G. J. A. O., F. M. v. d. B., S. T. P.]; Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Genetik, Postfach 3640, D-7602 Karlsruhe, Germany [K-H. H., H. P., P. H.]; and Bender Co. GesmbH, A-1121 Vienna, Austria [G. R. A.]

Specific CD44 variant glycoproteins are overexpressed at particular stages of colorectal tumor progression. Some variants of the CD44 glycoprotein without exon v6 sequences appear at the earliest stage of tumorigenesis, i.e., in early adenomas. Expression of variants containing exon v6 sequences is largely restricted to the advanced stages of tumor development and in addition is more prevalent and intense in metastatic (Dukes C/D) than in nonmetastatic (Dukes A/B) carcinomas. The observation that CD44 variants containing a protein domain of CD44 that confers full metastatic potential to rat carcinoma and sarcoma cell lines is increasingly expressed during colorectal tumor progression indicates that this domain may have an important role in tumor progression and metastasis in humans. Information on v6 expression, which can be obtained by routine immunohistochemistry, may prove of important prognostic value, particularly in carcinomas (Dukes A and B) that have not yet given rise to detectable metastases.

¹ This work was supported by Grant IKA91/9 of the Dutch Cancer Society and Grant He 551/7-1 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 7/19/93. Accepted 9/ 2/93.

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