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Protective and Curative Potential of Vaccination with Interleukin-2-Gene-transfected Cells from a Spontaneous Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinoma¹

CNR-Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Center at the Institute of Microbiology, University of Turin, Via Santena 9, Turin [F. C., F. D-P., M. G., G. F.]; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, 67100, Collemaggio [A. G.]; Department of Biomedicine, University La Sapienza, Viale R. Elena 324, 00161, Rome [A. S., A. V.]; Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 40, 10126 Turin [M. F.]; and Institute of Experimental and Social Medicine, University of Chieti, Via Vestini, 66013, Chieti, Italy [A. M.]

The potential of interleukin 2-gene-transfected tumor cells to prevent tumor growth and cure established tumors was evaluated using cells from a spontaneous, invasive, and metastasizing mouse mammary adenocarcinoma. Tumor cells engineered to secrete interieukin 2 initially trigger a local inflammatory reaction that leads to inhibition of established parental adenocarcinomas, as well as an antigenically unrelated fibrosarcoma. The ensuing systemic immunity selectively inhibits subsequent parental cell challenges and cures established parental adenocarcinomas and their lung metastases, although less effectively as the neoplastic mass increases. Multiple injections of interleukin 2-gene-transfected tumor cells may thus be considered a new form of vaccination in the management of minimal residual disease and incipient metastases.

¹ This work was supported by grants from the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC), the ISS Italy-USA Program on Cancer Therapy and AIDS, and PF CNR (Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche)-ACRO.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 7/29/93. Accepted 9/20/93.

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