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Deacetylase Activity of Human Tumor Cells Producing Immunosuppressive Aminosugars: Its Possible Role in Resistance to Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity¹

Department of Internal Medicine, Tazuke-Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan [M. Y.], and Institute for Biotechnology [A. S., O. R.] and Department of Pathology [E. S.], University of Helsinki, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 21, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland.

In the present study, we examined the presence of deacetylases capable of producing free hexosamines, which we have shown earlier to be immunosuppressive against human natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity, from N-acetylhexosamines in human tumor cells. When human NK-resistant colon cancer cells (Colo-320DM) were incubated with acetyl-D-[1,6-³H(N)]glucosamine, a significant conversion to [³H]glucosamine occurred. Deacetylation was demonstrated as a change of the substrate radioactivity into free glucosamine trapped by a cation exchange resin, and this was subsequently confirmed by paper chromatography. This deacetylase activity was detected in other NK-resistant tumor cell lines, especially in freshly isolated human renal and breast cancer cells and testicular seminoma cells. However, no deacetylase activity was detected in NK-sensitive target cells such as K562, MOLT-4, or HL-60 cells. The ability to produce free hexosamines from N-acetylated aminosugars may provide a new mechanism for the escape of tumor cells from the attack of immune effector cells such as NK cells.

¹ This work was supported by grants from Yamagiwa Yoshida Memorial International Cancer Study Grant of the International Union against Cancer, the Paulo Foundation (Helsinki, Finland), and from the University of Helsinki.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Received 9/ 1/93. Accepted 10/19/93.

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