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In Vivo Mutagenesis Induced by CC-1065 and Adozelesin DNA Alkylation in a Transgenic Mouse Model

Medicinal Chemistry Research, The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Although considerable work has focused on characterizing the bonding chemistry and sequence selective alkylation of DNA by cyclopropylpyrroloindole compounds, little is known about the molecular consequence of their N-3-adenine adducts in whole animal systems. We have utilized a transgenic mouse system, harboring a phage shuttle vector, to assess the mutagenic potential of the antitumor compounds CC-1065 and adozelesin and, for the first time, to track the in vivo fate of their unique DNA modifications at the nucleotide level. Mice were inoculated with a single therapeutic dose of these agents and sacrificed at either 18 h, 3 days, or 15 days for extraction and analysis of liver DNA. Mutant frequencies obtained from drug treated and control animals were determined by in vitro packaging of the phage vector from genomic DNA followed by a colorimetric plaque assay to screen for phage in which the accompanying lad repressor gene had mutated. Although undetectable at 18 h posttreatment, by 72 h a 3-fold increase in mutant frequency was observed in drug treated animals such that sequence analysis of drug induced mutations could be performed and a direct comparison made between in vitro and in vivo DNA alkylation. Base substitution involving guanine or cytosine accounted for 64% of the 41 mutations sequenced from drug treated animals. Only 7 of the mutations occurred at a cyclopropylpyrroloindole alkylation site while 23 occurred 1 to 4 nucleotides from a potentially alkylated adenine.

¹ Supported by The Upjohn Post-Doctoral Research Program.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Received 5/14/93. Accepted 9/30/93.