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Infrequent K-ras Activation in Superficial-Type (Flat) Colorectal Adenomas and Adenocarcinomas¹

Biochemistry Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104 [T. M., N. Y., T. S., H. E.], and Department of Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 4-86 Yoneizumi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 921 [K. S., M. M.], Japan

Clinicopathological evidence is accumulating that a superficial-type (flat) colorectal tumor is a distinct neoplastic entity. To clarify the genetic characteristics of this tumor, we investigated the K-ras gene mutations and morphological features of 43 tumors of this type. A mutation of the K-ras codon 12 was detected in only 5 (16%) of 31 adenomas and 2 (17%) of 12 adenocarcinomas. The presence or absence of this mutation was not correlated with the tumor size or stage or with histopathological findings. None of these tumors had a mutation in codon 13 or exon 2, including codon 61. This low incidence of K-ras mutations (16%) suggests that superficial-type colorectal tumors are etiologically distinct from ordinary colorectal polypoid tumors and that there may be an alternative pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis.

¹ This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Health and Welfare and for a Comprehensive 10-Year Strategy for Cancer Control, Japan.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed, at National Cancer Center Research Institute, East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277, Japan.

Received 3/21/94. Accepted 4/21/94.

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