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Frequent Allelic Losses on Chromosomes 2q, 18q, and 22q in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma¹

Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute [M. S., T. K., R. N., Y. S., J. Y.], and Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center Hospital [R. N.], 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan, and Department of Hematology, Tokyo Women's Medical College [Y. S., H. M.], 8-1, Kawadacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan

Although it is widely accepted that tumor suppressor genes play an important role in the genesis and progression of human cancer, little is known about genetic events that accumulate during multistage lung carcinogenesis. Thus, to determine a subset of tumor suppressor genes that are involved in the genesis and progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), 22 brain metastases and 23 stage I primary lung tumors were examined for allelic losses at 40 loci on 10 chromosomes including the loci of 5 tumor suppressor genes, APC, WT1, RB, p53, and DCC. The incidence of allelic losses on chromosomes 3p, 13q, and 17p was high (>60 %) in both primary tumors and brain metastases. In brain metastases, a high incidence of allelic losses (>60%) was also observed at loci on chromosomes 2q, 18q, and 22q, and the incidence of allelic losses on these chromosomes in brain metastases was significantly higher than that in primary tumors (P < 0.05). In two cases of brain metastases with corresponding primary lung tumors, sequential accumulation of allelic losses during progression of primary lung tumors was observed on several chromosomes including chromosomes 2q and 18q. These results indicate that, besides loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 3p, 13q, and 17p, loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 2q, 18q, and 22q also occurs frequently in advanced NSCLCs. Thus, it is possible that loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 2q, 18q, and 22q occurs late in the progression of NSCLC and/or causes phenotypic alterations of NSCLC cells into more aggressive ones.

¹ This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for a Comprehensive 10-Year Strategy for Cancer Control from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan; Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan; a grant from the Special Coordination Fund from the Science and Technology Agency of Japan; and a grant from the Naito Foundation of Japan.

² To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Received 3/16/94. Accepted 8/30/94.

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