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Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Jefferson Cancer Institute, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 [M. M., C. M. C.], and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G IL5, Canada [H. Y., E. P. D.]
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is considered a highly specific biochemical marker of the prostate gland and is currently used for prostate cancer diagnosis and monitoring of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. We recently demonstrated, however, that about 30% of female breast tumors produce a Mr 33,000 protein that has striking similarities to seminal PSA. In this study we characterized the presence of PSA in 6 breast tumors and in the testosterone-stimulated T47D breast cancer cell line at the mRNA level. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing techniques we identified PSA mRNA in immunoreactive PSA-positive breast tumors but not in immunoreactive PSA-negative breast tumors. The sequence of the generated polymerase chain reaction products was identical to the sequence of the PSA complementary DNA derived from prostate tissue. The data presented here support the notion that breast tumors produce a Mr 33,000 protein which is identical to PSA produced by the prostate gland. Our study suggests that the presence of PSA in breast tumors may be used as a new additional biochemical marker for breast cancer prognosis, for the spreading of hematogenous micrometastases, and/or for response to adjuvant treatment.
1 This work was supported by a NIH Outstanding Investigator Grant CA39860 to C. M. C.
2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jefferson Cancer Institute, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 11th and Walnut Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Received 9/ 6/94. Accepted 11/ 2/94.
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