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A Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene in Human Breast Cancers¹

Geraldine Brush Cancer Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94115-1932 [D. R. S., G. D., W. K., H. S. S.]; The Jules Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024 [J. N. C.]; and Division of Molecular Cytometry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 [W-L. K., J. G.]

We have isolated a candidate gene (designated Brush-1) located at 13q12–q13, proximal to the retinoblastoma gene (RB1). Brush-1 codes for a 4.7-kilobase mRNA expressed at high levels in normal breast epithelium but drastically reduced in 6 of 13 breast cancer cell lines. RB1 mRNA expression is at normal levels for 5 of these 6 lines suggesting a greater importance of Brush-1 for breast cancer. Four primary breast tumors which showed no loss of heterozygosity in the 13q13–q14 region demonstrated normal levels of mRNA for both Brush-1 and RB1. However, four additional primary tumors which displayed loss of heterozygosity for this region had markedly decreased levels of Brush-1 mRNA while maintaining the normal levels for RB1. This differential loss of Brush-1 mRNA expression for both primary tumors and breast cancer cell lines is the expected pattern for a breast tumor suppressor gene.

¹ Supported by Grant P01 CA44768 from the NIH.

² Additionally supported by fellowships from the Fenton Family Foundation and the Susan G. Komen Foundation.

³ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Geraldine Brush Cancer Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, 2330 Clay Street, San Francisco, CA 94115.

Received 12/ 9/93. Accepted 2/ 4/94.

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